TIPS TO MANAGE MENTAL HEALTH
THEOPHYLLINE
THEOPHYLLINE TOXICITY, SPECIFIC INGESTION & TREATMENT :
THEOPHYLLINE :
Intro of Drug :
- Theophylline occurs in tea and cocoa beans in trace amounts.
Available dosage forms:
- Liquid sustained-release tabs, caps & parenteral.
Toxicokinetics:
· Well absorbed Orally Volume of distribution approx.0.5L/Kg
· Hepatically metabolized
· Clearance depends on age, disease states & interacting drugs.
Clinical Presentation:
· a feeling of loathing
· Vomit
· Convulsion
· Cardiac Dysrhythmias
· Chronic toxicity
Laboratory Data:
A- Theophylline levels: 5 to 20µg/ml
B- Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia: after acute ingestion
C- Other tests include: Serum Electrolytes, BUN, Creatinine, Hepatic Function, ECG Monitoring
Treatment:
1-Supportive Therapy:
· Maintaining airway
· seizures Treatment
· Dysrhythmia Treatment
2- Decontamination: Syrup of Ipecac not Recommended
3-Activated Charcoal:
· Repeated doses to increase Elimination
· Whole-Bowl Irrigation (For sust. release)
· Charcoal Hemoperfusion: unstable patient in status epileptics
· Hemodialysis: When hemoperfusion is unavailable
4- β-Adrenergic Antagonists:
· used to treat Hypotension, Tachycardia, Dysrhythmias
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